常用旋转薄壳通用计算模式

本文是根据弹性薄壳理论,对部分应用非常广泛的旋转壳,通过它们内在的联系导出以超几何函数作为统一计算模式,使复杂的壳体分析(多种函数表达)规范化,便于掌握和运用.文中较多地涉及超几何方程在极限状态时的新方程解,故从应用角度称它们为“退化超几何方程”及“退化超几何函数”解.     

A model for the frequency of extreme river levels based on river dynamics

A new model for predicting the frequency of extreme river levels is proposed which encapsulates physical knowledge about river dynamics. The central idea is the use of continuous time stochastic processes that use hydrological equations and ergodic theory to model extreme events, rather than relying on statistical fits of classical models to local maximum data. A simple example shows how changes in discharge characteristics change the extreme river level frequencies. Solutions are provided for special cases, and directions for more general techniques are provided.     

Experimental measurements,integral modeling and smoke detection of early fire in thermally stratified environments

Building fires go through a series of stages. They start with a fire plume period during which buoyant fire smoke rises to the ceiling. A second stage is the following enclosure smoke-filling period. In this paper, the first stage is the subject, especially for the fire plume behavior in thermally stratified environments in large volume spaces. In NFPA 92B, Morton's integral equation was introduced for calculating the maximum plume rise, and beam smoke detectors were recommended for smoke detection design. In this work, experiments and CFD simulations were conducted in a small-scale enclosure and a large space to investigate early fire movements in temperature-stratified ambients. The results show that in a thermally stratified environment, the axial temperature and velocity of a fire plume decrease more quickly along the vertical axis than in uniform environment, and in some cases the fire plume ceases to rise. The previous integral equation was shown to underestimate the actual maximum height of a fire smoke plume, and also was unable to explain the differences of the maximum heights of low-density and high-density smoke plumes with the same stratification and outlet conditions. The integral equation was improved by introducing two correction factors, and extended for non-linear temperature stratified environments. A light section smoke detection method with three space-protected area was suggested and discussed.     

冻融条件下混凝土破坏面演化模型研究

对混凝土材料冻融破坏的研究多用动弹性模量表示，与强度损失相比，动弹性模量在工程结构方面一般不直接使用。针对此情况，建立冻融混凝土在主应力空间内实用的破坏面演化模型，以描述冻融后混凝土的强度变化。为此，根据混凝土冻融破坏的机制，应用损伤力学方法量化冻融造成的损伤并建立演化方程，应用“有效应力”的概念建立混凝土冻融破坏面在主应力空间内的发展演化模型，并预测混凝土冻融后的强度特征。最后通过已有试验数据验证演化模型的合理性。     

钢筋混凝土框架结构基于性能的抗震设计方法

以变形需求作为设计参数，阐明了RC框架结构基于性能的抗震设计方法的基本原理及步骤：利用弹塑性位移谱法求解结构的位移与变形需求，在层间位移角满足特定要求后，将梁柱塑性铰区的转动量值作为性能设计的参数，结合预期的性能目标由梁柱性能设计方程进行构件变形能力设计。以-10层框架结构为例，给出了RC框架结构基于性能的抗震设计的完整过程，并通过弹塑性时程分析作了比较验证。结果表明：弹塑性位移谱法求解结构位移需求是一种可为工程接受的、简便有效的方法，通过梁柱性能设计方程对变形能力进行定量设计，可将结构的破损程度控制在预先设定的性能目标范围内。     

紊流数学模型的发展

对紊流数学模型的发展进行了概括与总结，探讨了紊流数学模型在理论研究和工程应用领域所占有的重要地位，提出数值模拟具有省时间、费用低、工程量小等优点，对复杂流场的研究具有显著的优越性。     

抽注水引起含水层水平径向运动的位移方程

在垂直方向零应变、垂直方向总荷载不变、忽略骨架颗粒本身的压缩性、骨架颗粒与水分别为均质的假定条件下,推导出均质各向同性多孔介质水平面轴对称径向弹性形变下的位移方程。它与传统假定(Jacob假定)下的水平面轴对称位移方程在形式上没有区别,只是方程中的系数定义式有所不同。新位移方程的系数也比传统假定下的位移方程的系数大,但也仍为常数。如果方程中的系数通过野外试验或模型识别来确定,则对传统假定下的水平面轴对称位移方程与所给出的新方程就没有必要进行区分。但利用抽水试验确定的骨架弹性储水率计算垂向压缩量时,则计算值偏大。     

双参数地基层合板的静、动力分析

抛弃了人为的应力和位移假设,直接从三维弹性动力方程出发,建立了正交异性地基板的状态方程,同时导出了双参数地基上四边简支层合板静力问题的解析式和动力问题的频率方程。     

球形吸附剂颗粒扩散方程的数值求解

对于速率控制的变压吸附过程而言,吸附剂颗粒上的扩散方程求解十分关键.采用有限差分法数值求解扩散方程,分别利用等距网格和等体积网格划分计算区域.结果表明,当网格节点数较少时,等体积网格比等距网格具有更高的计算精度.当球形计算区域网格节点足够密时,节点在计算区域的分布对计算结果影响不大,从而等距网格和等体积网格都可以达到较高的计算精度.     

三角级数法模拟弹性地基梁内力

介绍了采用三角级数模拟地基反力的方法,并对比了采用弹性地基梁文克勒模型和三角级数法模拟弹性地基梁两种方法,得出了三角级数法能大大简化计算步骤,且计算结果偏安全的结论。